Free Essays on Juvenile Boot Camps

Boot Camps Juvenile Boot Camps: A Bad Alternative Since their beginning in 1983 in Georgia, boot camps have spread to more than half the States and have gained a vast amount of appeal because of policies. Supporters of boot camps believe these camps rehabilitate offenders and curb future criminal behavior, as opposed to jails, which offers no chance of rehabilitation. Florida operates more juvenile boot camps than any other State in the United States. An important aspect of this program is not only the utilization of local resources but also the partnership local and State governments have created to promote community involvement. Boot camps have been shown to have some positive aspects; however, as an alternative, these camps have not proven to be as successful as local and state government anticipated. Boot camp programs are generally designed for young, nonviolent offenders with their first felony conviction. In 1989, the Florida statue pertaining to juvenile justice was revised, authorizing the creation of juvenile boot camps. These camps were to target â€Å"deep-end,† more serious offenders, in contrast to adult boot camps, which are typically designed for first-time, nonviolent offenders (F.S. Chapter 39). However, in 1994, the statue stipulated that eligible juveniles were those who had been committed to the department for any offense that, if committed by an adult, would be a felony, other than a capital felony, a life felony, or a violent felony or the first degree. The statue intended the programs to be an intensive educational, physical training, and rehabilitative program. The State set minimum standards for policies and procedures and serves as the foundation for State oversight of boot camp programs. Rehabilitation and cost are the goals most often pursued by correctional practitioners and policymakers (Parent, 1994). Juvenile boot camps revolve around many objectives: reducing recidivism, cuttin... Free Essays on Juvenile Boot Camps Free Essays on Juvenile Boot Camps Boot Camps Juvenile Boot Camps: A Bad Alternative Since their beginning in 1983 in Georgia, boot camps have spread to more than half the States and have gained a vast amount of appeal because of policies. Supporters of boot camps believe these camps rehabilitate offenders and curb future criminal behavior, as opposed to jails, which offers no chance of rehabilitation. Florida operates more juvenile boot camps than any other State in the United States. An important aspect of this program is not only the utilization of local resources but also the partnership local and State governments have created to promote community involvement. Boot camps have been shown to have some positive aspects; however, as an alternative, these camps have not proven to be as successful as local and state government anticipated. Boot camp programs are generally designed for young, nonviolent offenders with their first felony conviction. In 1989, the Florida statue pertaining to juvenile justice was revised, authorizing the creation of juvenile boot camps. These camps were to target â€Å"deep-end,† more serious offenders, in contrast to adult boot camps, which are typically designed for first-time, nonviolent offenders (F.S. Chapter 39). However, in 1994, the statue stipulated that eligible juveniles were those who had been committed to the department for any offense that, if committed by an adult, would be a felony, other than a capital felony, a life felony, or a violent felony or the first degree. The statue intended the programs to be an intensive educational, physical training, and rehabilitative program. The State set minimum standards for policies and procedures and serves as the foundation for State oversight of boot camp programs. Rehabilitation and cost are the goals most often pursued by correctional practitioners and policymakers (Parent, 1994). Juvenile boot camps revolve around many objectives: reducing recidivism, cuttin...

Manhattan Project1 essays

Manhattan Project1 essays On the morning of August 6, 1945, a B-29 bomber named Enola Gay flew over the industrial city of Hiroshima, Japan and dropped the first atomic bomb ever. The city went up in flames caused by the immense power equal to about 20,000 tons of TNT. The project was a success. They were an unprecedented assemblage of civilian, and military scientific brain power-brilliant, intense, and young, the people that helped develop the bomb. Unknowingly they came to an isolated mountain setting, known as Los Alamos, New Mexico, to design and build the bomb that would end World War 2, but begin serious controversies concerning its sheer power and destruction. I became interested in this topic because of my interest in science and history. It seemed an appropriate topic because I am presently studying World War 2 in my Social Studies Class. The Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings were always taught to me with some opinion, and I always wanted to know the bomb itself and the unbiased effects! that it had. This I-search was a great opportunity for me to actually fulfill my interest. The Manhattan Project was the code name for the US effort during World War II to produce the atomic bomb. It was appropriately named for the Manhattan Engineer District of the US Army Corps of Engineers, because much of the early research was done in New York City (Badash 238). Sparked by refugee physicists in the United States, the program was slowly organized after nuclear fission was discovered by German scientists in 1938, and many US scientists expressed the fear that Hitler would attempt to build a fission bomb. Frustrated with the idea that Germany might produce an atomic bomb first, Leo Szilard and other scientists asked Albert Einstein, a famous scientist during that time, to use his influence and write a letter to president FDR, pleading for support to further research the power of nuclear fission (Badash 237). His letters were a success, and President Roosevelt establ...

Choose an entrepreneur and answer this to what extend do risk ,rewards Essay

Choose an entrepreneur and answer this to what extend do risk ,rewards and motives contribute towards an entrepreneurs goals - Essay Example Entrepreneurship exists in various forms. It may involve developing new ways of doing things and distributing products, starting a new business, as sources of information, and market middlemen. An entrepreneur is characterized by his search for opportunities that are unseen or ignored by others and taking risks on them in order to get a profit reward (Carsrud & Bra?Nnback, 2009: p35). With all the three factors seeming to play a role, the question is then raised as to the extent to which risk, reward, and motives contribute towards an entrepreneurs goals. This question was put to successful entrepreneur Sir Richard Branson. According to Branson, â€Å"The financial risks and rewards of being an entrepreneur have significant meaning in an entrepreneur’s motivation to open a business† (Personal Communication, 2013). There are several reasons for this, including the fact that over 50% of new start-ups fail in their initial four years (Roth, 2010: p67). Entrepreneurs, on av erage, he contends, will achieve less success over ten years in terms of income than they would have if they would have been employed. In addition, there does not seem to be any proof that entrepreneurs get better rewards if they start a business as compared to invest in stocks with the most likely result being that, from a risk perspective, they do not as much as they would have in the stocks market. However, Branson further says, even with these statistics, it is imperative to note that entrepreneurs account for 66% of British millionaires, despite making up only 20% of the entire labor force, while 80% of the millionaire entrepreneurs are â€Å"self-made†. From these statistics, it is possible to argue that the high risk in financial terms, coupled to the potentially high rewards, enhance the importance of intrinsic motives to an entrepreneur (Roth, 2010: p67). These intrinsic motives include purpose for entrepreneurship, for example, the ability to better the world, the f reedom, and autonomy that entrepreneurship will give an individual, and the reward of overcoming challenges and becoming a master. Branson says that, it is possible to think of the results of a hypothetical proposition, to show the enhanced role of motives over risk and reward. In order to gauge the tolerance to risk of entrepreneurs, three options are given to potential entrepreneurs. â€Å"They can earn a $10 million profit with the chance of success placed at 20%, $5 million of profit and a 50% chance they will be successful, and q $1 million profit for an 80% chance at success†, Branson posits (Personal Communication, 2013). While there is a general perception that entrepreneurs are all profit and risk seeking business people and that they would go for the first option, it is indicative that it is most likely that they will go for the 3rd choice (Casson & Buckley, 2010: p29). Entrepreneurs seek to go into business with the option of getting a higher profit but less of it. Therefore, for successful entrepreneurs like Sir Richard, reward is not as important to entrepreneurs in starting a new business. The creation of a new enterprise carries a lot of risk and uncertainty, which indicates that the entrepreneur’s motives carry more importance than financial rewards. For example, Richard contends that entrepreneurs

Homeland Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Homeland Security - Essay Example Osama encouraged the jihadist in Afghanistan to continue raging war towards United States and weakened it. The strategy was to encourage the people to rise against rulers he considered oppressive, as the USA would be weak and unable to support the rulers in the case of a revolt. Osama bin Laden considered the Arab spring as a formidable event due to the magnitude and momentum the event had gained and ousting of several rulers in Northern Africa. Osama bin Laden had no firm grip control over most regional Jihadist groups at the time of his death. He even wrote to the group’s pleading with them to change their tack ticks and avoid the senseless killing of Muslim brothers. The jihadist groups only swore allegiance to al-Qa`ida but were independent in the decisions made and the chain of command. Al-Qa`ida only provided training fields in Afghanistan but once the Jihadist left the camp they were at liberty with decision making and to act in any manner they like2. Donald Taylor and Michael King in their study describe radicalization process using five radicalization models but focus on three common traits in all the models. The three are important to their study as they relate directly to the main reason there are homegrown jihadists. These traits are the state of being in deprivation, personal characterizes that relate more to Jihadists ideology and personal struggle to find an identity. King and Taylor warn against using strategies and models that have not been validated can be counterproductive and because of the individuals feeling victimized. The two warn that most of these models were developed after 9/11 and are based ON social-psychological processes alone. The position adopted by many Jihadists is amendable since it mainly focuses n social issues and propaganda that can be counteracted. The narrative is also subject to empirical research in order to understand the main reason people join Jihadist movements. There is more to it than what meets the eye,

Impressionist’s Gender Roles Essay Example for Free

Impressionist’s Gender Roles Essay Manet’s Olympia (circa 1863) is a classic example of the reclining nude. This appears to be a private space as there is an attending woman included in the painting. In contrast to this Berthe Morisot’s landscape painting is a public piece, depicting people on a promenade. For Manet’s painting, the viewer relates in a blatant voyeuristic way, gazing upon the nude just as the nude gazes back at the viewer in a poised repose. Morisot’s painting is striking because she depicts women out and about, not confined to a garden persey, but out in the open (two women and a small female child). In both paintings, the women depicted appear to be of high class, since the woman in Manet’s painting has a servant and the two women in Morisot’s painting have parasols indicating that they have enough money for accoutrements. Manet’s painting is a classic gaze painting, meaning there are tones of voyeurism but that the subject gazes back at the viewer with her head held high as though she were not indeed naked. In Morisot’s painting, there is a marked distance between the subjects and the viewer allowing the viewer more freedom to gaze upon these women and their stares do not penetrate the canvas back toward the viewer. It is interesting to note that Manet’s painting depicts a nude woman who stares blatantly back at the viewer while Morisot’s painting depicts clothed women who do note even recognize the viewer’s presence into their world. Thus, the difference between and male and female painters is taken note of in this instance: The female painter does not allow her subjects to look back while the male painter has a fully nude woman strongly gaze upon the viewer.

Hemagglutinin and a Future Cure for Influenza Essay -- Influenza Virus

Final Project: Hemagglutinin Abstract Hemagglutinin is membrane protein found on the influenza virus. This project focuses on hemagglutinin subtype H1, the one involved in the 1918 Spanish influenza. The project concentrates on explaining the structure and function of the protein, while trying to give an accurate account of the molecular interactions between the protein and the host cell membrane. Specifically, hemagglutinin is a protein composed of three monomer protein strands. Each monomer consists of three important subdomains called the fusion subdomain, the receptor binding subdomain, and the vestigial esterase subdomain. Each has an important function in a virus infection. This project hopes to provide info for future research into preventing and perhaps curing influenza. Background Viruses use simple mechanisms to attack and infect their hosts. One step in a virus attack is the binding of the virus to the host cell. The virus does this by using surface proteins that can recognize and attach to receptors on the cell membrane and somehow injects its genetic material into the host cell.3 Hemagglutinin is a kind of surface protein found on the lipid envelopes of the influenza virus. Hemagglutinin gets its name from its effect on making red blood cells clump together and agglutinate. The influenza virus has many hemagglutinin proteins, and each can attach to a red blood cell, causing the red blood cells to come together around the virus. This causes thickening of the blood and affects the clotting ability of blood.2 There are 16 different subtypes of the protein, ranging from H1 to H16. The more important ones are H1, H2, and H3, the subtypes found on the human influenza virus.2 This proj... ... - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 3 Mar 2004. 2 Aug 2007 . 3. "Influenza." Main Page - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 9 Apr 2002. 2 Aug 2007 . 4. Marcey, David, and Eric Mazur. "Influenza Hamagglutinin." California Lutheran University - Welcome. 22 Jan 2005. 2 Aug 2007 . 5. Woods, Heather. "Structural Analysis of Hemagglutinin from the 1918 Influenza Pandemic." SSRL- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory. 30 Aug 2004. 2 Aug 2007 . 6. The Structure and Receptor Binding Properties of the 1918 Influenza Hemagglutinin Science 303, 1838 (2004); DOI: 10.1126/science.1093155

History Class Presentation Essay

It is believed that Prussia achieved and secured dominance in Germany because of the role of Bismarck, who got rid of the opposition in the Parliament, strengthened the Prussian army, exploited Prussia’s economic development and won three wars to secure the unification of Germany. However, it is also argued that international scenes too, helped Prussia make a mark as the strongest nation in Europe. Firstly, Prussia managed to secure dominance in Germany due to Bismarck’s action to get rid of the opposition in the government in order to pass the Army Bill. The Army Bill was needed to prepare for the army by increasing their size, re-equipping the army as well as to increase the years of service from 2-3 years. Bismarck got hold of the Army Bill by withdrawing it from the parliament and collected taxes to fund the army. Thus, Bismarck’s role that got rid of opposition in the government made Prussia the strongest nation in Germany. Secondly, Prussia achieved and secured dominance in Germany by strengthening the Prussian army. He used the Army Bill to finance the army. Furthermore, he was also helped by War Minister Von Roon who ensured that Prussian army were increased in number, better trained and well armed. In addition, General Helmuth Van Moltke, Chief of the General Staff helped by becoming the brain of Prussian army, laying plans for mobilisation and military operations. Therefore, Prussia achieved and secured dominance in Germany by strengthening Prussian army. Thirdly, Prussia’s economic exploitation by Bismarck was believed to be one of the reasons why Prussia had managed to achieve and secure dominance in 1848-1871. Bismarck had managed to manipulate the already-existing custom union known as Zollverein that encouraged free trade within the nation where international tariffs was abolished. Currencies, systems of weights and measurements were unified to promote easy trading within the Zollverein states. Number of railway networks increased and they become more efficient providing better access to coal, iron and steel transportation. Hence, Bismarck’s economic reform became one of the reasons why Prussia was dominant in Germany. Lastly, Prussia had secured its dominance and made a mark as one of the strongest nation in Europe by winning three wars; Danish War, Austro-Prussian War and the Franco-Prussian War. Firstly, Danish war broke out subsequently after King Fredrick of Denmark’s decision to incorporate Schleswig with Denmark which violated the Treaty of London (1852). Despite the disunity and hostility against each other, Austria and Prussia had worked hand-in-hand to defeat Denmark. As a result, Austria took control over Holstein and Prussia, Schleswig. During the Austro-Prussian War, Prussia had provoked Austria to war by proposing a reorganisation in German Confederation which will exclude Austria, on June 10. Due to the diplomatic isolation of Austria and their lack of alliances, Prussia had the upper hand with modern weapons which resulted in Austria’s defeat and the signing of Treaty of Prague (1866). Franco-Prussian War was a result of Bismarck’s action who took advantage of the Bad Ems Telegram which he edited with intention to insult France until they demanded war. The well-organised Prussian army with its allies easily destroyed France and even gained control over Alsace-Lorraine. Therefore, Prussia’s victory in these three wars was one of the reasons why Prussia was the strongest nation in Europe during the period. However, it is also argued that the international scenes such as Britain, Russia, Italy and Austria, too, helped Prussia make a mark as one of the strongest nation in Europe. Firstly, Britain’s no-intervention policy which is also known as an isolationist foreign policy was one of the reasons why Prussia had managed to secure its dominance in Germany. Britain was more concerned about her economical interest than her political interest. During both the Danish and Austro-Prussian wars, Britain took no action at all despite Denmark’s accusation for violating the Treaty of London (1852) prior to Danish War. Furthermore, Britain’s hostile relationship with France was clearly not an advantage to the French during the Franco-Prussian War. This, Britain’s no-intervention policy had helped Prussia to secure dominance in Germany. Moreover, Russia’s recovery from the Crimean War (1855) was one of the reasons why Prussia became dominant in Germany. During the Austro-Prussian and Franco-Prussian wars, Russia had remained neutral as an exchange to Prussia’s neutrality during Russia’s Crimean War against France and Britain. Alexander Tsar had willingly paid Prussia for her neutrality in all affairs involving Prussia. Hence, Russia’s neutrality during Prussia’s wars against France and Austria was one of the reasons why, Prussia had managed to secure dominance in Germany. Thirdly, Italy’s involvement was one of the reasons why Prussia had managed to secure dominance in Germany. In the Austro-Prussian war, Italy lent a helping hand to Bismarck to defeat Austria. Prussia took the advantage of Austria’s weak defence when Austria had to deploy some troops to deal with the disturbance and riot in the Piedmontese-Austrian border which was organised by Italy. Furthermore, Italy was occupied with her own unification process whilst Prussia was securing its dominance in the German nation. Therefore, by having alliance with Italy during the Austro-Prussian war, Prussia achieved and secured dominance in Germany. Lastly, both Austrian’s assistance and situation had assisted Prussia to become one of the strongest nations in Europe. Despite the hostility with Austria, Prussia had co-operated together with Austria in the Danish War to gain Schleswig. In return, Austria governed Holstein. Moreover, Austria was weakened after the war against Prussia in which they were defeated due to their incapability to cope against Prussia’s well-organised military system and modernised weaponries. Thus, Prussia managed to achieve and secure dominance with Austria’s help and by taking advantage of Austria’s weakened state. In conclusion, Prussia achieved and secured dominance in Germany due to the role of Bismarck who got rid of opposition in the Parliament, strengthened Prussian army, exploited Prussia’s economic development and won three wars. In addition, international scenes too, helped Prussia make a mark as the strongest nation in Europe.